Robotics

Introduction

A robot is a mechanical technological device that performs automated tasks under direct human supervision, a predefined programme, or general guidelines that are well defined through the use of artificial intelligence techniques. Robots can be used to replace or improve on human labour in manufacturing companies, construction sites, and even in the manipulation of heavy and large hazardous materials.A robot can have a response-driven connection between sense and action, but it must be controlled by a human. Its actions could take the form of electro-magnetic effectors, which can move an arm, open and close grips, or even propel the robot. A robot controlled by a computer programme can control and provide feedback as needed. The programme is executed on an external or microcontroller. As a result, it demonstrates that a robot can include almost all automated devices.

Effectors can be used to move the robot or to move other items around, which is referred to as manipulation. As a result, the robot is divided into two types: mobile robotics and manipulator robotics, which grabs objects around it. A robot has also been used as the general concept for a mechanical man or an automaton that takes the form of a real or imaginary animal. It has been used in many machines to replace a human or an animal in either work or play.

Robotics Technology Purpose

A robot can be programmed to perform specific tasks such as picking up and placing work pieces. It can interact with and work with a lathe or even a milling machine. Most automotive industries have benefited because new robot technology has simplified the work. These robots have been programmed to perform tasks similar to those performed by humans, resulting in the replacement of human labour in various simple repetitive activities. However, widespread adoption of such technologies has been hampered by the availability of cheap labour and the high cost of robotics.

Automated guide vehicles and autonomous delivery robots are currently being used in industries, hospitals, laboratories, and other applications where risk, reliability, and security are of the utmost importance. Furthermore, as part of the advancement toward automated buildings, autonomous patrolling safety and security robots have begun to appear.

Robots are known to produce more accurate results than humans. There are very few chances of a robot making a mistake, and as a result, the entire process may fail or be executed flawlessly. Robotic technology can repair even the most complicated and difficult machines.

Robots are also performing critical tasks in the medical industry. They can prepare drugs and perform other simple surgical tasks with the assistance of a human. Robotics can help humans by replacing workers in hazardous environments such as chemical plants and pharmaceutical plants, which are sometimes hazardous to human health. Robots are also tasked with launching satellites and travelling to distant planets altogether. As a result, robotic technology is being strengthened for a variety of purposes, including increasing manufacturing flexibility, productivity in a short period of time, improving product, process, and working environment quality, and lowering scrap and manufacturing costs.

How and why this technology was discovered, who discovered and when was it discovered?

Humans have always been fascinated by the concept of artificial life and the creation of machines that look and act like humans. When people talk about the evolution of smart machines today, they talk about the possibility of self-aware, intelligent robots that pose a threat to their human masters. Karel Capek coined the term “robot” in his play Rossum’s universal robots in 1920.The play was first performed in Prague in 1921, and it was later translated into English. It first appeared on the English stage in 1923, and the term “robot” has since become part of the global literature concerning intelligent machines and automatons. In prehistoric times, the discovery and use of fire triggered a technological revolution.The second breakthrough involved the development and application of simple tools, such as a stick and a sharp rock, to aid in hunting and gathering practises. Many modern robots include components and principles that were first used during the rise of civilization, such as the wheel and axle, pulley, wedge, lever, and gear.

Neolithic revolution, as well as disciplines such as mechanics, pneumatics, and hydraulics that emerged during the scientific revolution and electromechanical devices and machinery that appeared during the first and second industrial revolutions.

Industrial robots now play an important role in modern manufacturing facilities. The first industrial robot was introduced to the world by American entrepreneurs George C. Devol Jr. and Joseph F. Engelbeger in early 1961. At the time, the Consolidate Diesel Electric Corporation shipped the first commercial version of the animate robot from Connecticut and installed it in a General Motors plant in New Jersey.

Mobile robots of various sizes, shapes, and capabilities are now playing advanced roles in national security, law enforcement, medicine, environmental cleanup, and entertainment and leisure practises. When researchers attempted to connect computer interfaced camera systems that scanned the robot’s environment with the robot’s mobility system, they created the first modern mobile robot.Robots can spray paint an automobile on an assembly line, assist a human doctor performing surgery on a patient located hundreds of kilometres away, and accomplish detailed automated exploration of previously unreachable worlds throughout the solar systems.

Robot technology’s impact on the environment and people’s lives

Employing robotic technology benefits both the environment and people because robots are primarily used for unpleasant or dangerous tasks, and because the new jobs created for robots are better, the quality of work life is likely to improve. Long-term and short-term productivity will also increase, resulting in more flexible scheduled work per week.Many management experts are concerned that the new computer-based automations will reduce job boredom and, as a result, worker dissatisfaction. Individuals are also able to use more complex skills and perform a wider range of tasks, such as following the assembly of a product from start to finish, assuming greater human responsibility for quality outcomes.

The working environment is also improved by separating processes that create hazardous working conditions, such as heat or chemical exposure, from a specific department of a company that is fully occupied with humans and staffing it with robots. Furthermore, combining robots and humans for some strenuous tasks reduces job stress and opens up job opportunities for those who are physically disabled or have some limitations.As a result, robots are important environmental tools that try to reduce pollution by assisting environmentalists in dealing with issues of environmental safeguarding, saving lives, particularly those exposed to radiation, and moulding up environmental disasters, rescuing countless people from being exposed to dangerous radiations. The integration of the robot industry encourages environmental consciousness by replacing old robots with new and advanced ones, making it simple to conserve the environment while also providing for factory conditions.

Ethical and moral concerns about robotic technology

Most technological advancements raise ethical or moral concerns. It is assumed that the use of technological establishment products can be made to be a moral issue. Unintentional risks are bound to occur as a result of robot performance, such as programming errors or robot misuse.As a result, it is critical to consider the fact that a robot cannot tell whether it has done the right or wrong thing, so standards of ethical codes have been established for the various types of robots being used to ensure people’s safety. For example, because this technology is widely used in military services, these individuals have the ability to assess the effects of their actions on society.

Conclusion

Robotics are automated guide vehicles that are currently used in industries, hospitals, laboratories, and other applications where risk, reliability, and security are of the utmost importance. The rate at which robotic technology is evolving has been increasing. Various risks have been encountered as a result of the ever-increasing rate of movement into the use of robotic technology and the need to improve robot intelligence so that they can become more perfect and advanced machines.And, because there are no specific guidelines to follow when creating a robot, designers and programmers must strictly adhere to the code of ethical standards as they embrace new technology. Robots are tools that attempt to reduce environmental pollution by assisting environmentalists in dealing with issues such as environmental protection, rescuing lives, particularly those exposed to radiation, gauging environmental disasters, and saving people from other hazardous conditions. The designers are advised to adhere to the code and principles of ethical standards in order to ensure the safety of innocent people and protect them from any harm that may result from this technology. Anyone working in the industry who uses this technology should receive education and training so that they are aware of what is going on. Both the environment and humans benefit from the use of robots. They help the environment by reducing pollution, and they help people by saving their lives from radiation.