Tinkercad Simulation of LED Blinking

Objective

To simulate a simple LED Blinking circuit using Tinkercad, demonstrating the fundamental concept of digital output control with Arduino. The project will turn an LED ON and OFF at 1-second intervals using an Arduino Uno.

Circuit

Procedure

Step 1: Open Tinkercad and Create a New Circuit

1. Go to Tinkercad.
2. Sign in or create a new account.
3. Click on “Circuits” and then “Create a new Circuit”.

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Step 2: Add Components to the Workspace

1. In the components panel, search for and drag the following items onto the workspace:
   1. Arduino Uno
   1. LED (Light Emitting Diode)
   1. Resistor (220Ω)
   1. Breadboard (optional but recommended)

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Step 3: Connect the Circuit

1. Connect the LED:
   
   
   1. Anode (+, longer leg) → Connect to pin 13 on the Arduino.
   1. Cathode (-, shorter leg) → Connect to one side of the 220Ω resistor.
   1. Other side of the resistor → Connect to GND (Ground) on Arduino.
2. Your circuit is now complete!
   
   

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Step 4: Write the LED Blinking Code

1. Click on the “Code” button (or “Blocks + Text” and switch to “Text” mode).

Step 5: Simulate the LED Blinking

1. Click the “Start Simulation” button.
2. Observe the LED:
   1. It should turn ON for 1 second.
   1. Then turn OFF for 1 second.
   1. The cycle repeats indefinitely.

Code

void setup() {   pinMode(13, OUTPUT); // Set pin 13 as an output } void loop() {   digitalWrite(13, HIGH); // Turn LED ON   delay(1000); // Wait for 1 second   digitalWrite(13, LOW);  // Turn LED OFF   delay(1000); // Wait for 1 second }

Program Logic And Explanation

This Arduino program controls an LED by making it blink ON and OFF every 1 second using digital output.

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Program Logic:

1. Setup the LED pin → Configure pin 13 as an output in setup().
2. Turn LED ON → Set pin 13 to HIGH (5V) using digitalWrite(13, HIGH);.
3. Wait for 1 second → Use delay(1000); to hold the LED in the ON state.
4. Turn LED OFF → Set pin 13 to LOW (0V) using digitalWrite(13, LOW);.
5. Wait for 1 second → Use delay(1000); to hold the LED in the OFF state.
6. Repeat the cycle infinitely → Since loop() runs continuously, the LED blinks forever.

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Code Explanation:

1. void setup() – Runs Once at the Start

void setup() {   pinMode(13, OUTPUT); // Set pin 13 as an output }

• setup() is executed once when the Arduino starts.
• pinMode(13, OUTPUT); sets pin 13 as an output pin, allowing it to control an LED.

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2. void loop() – Runs Continuously

void loop() {   digitalWrite(13, HIGH); // Turn LED ON   delay(1000); // Wait for 1 second   digitalWrite(13, LOW);  // Turn LED OFF   delay(1000); // Wait for 1 second }

• loop() runs forever, executing the instructions inside it in sequence.
• digitalWrite(13, HIGH); sets pin 13 to HIGH (5V) → LED turns ON.
• delay(1000); makes the program pause for 1 second.
• digitalWrite(13, LOW); sets pin 13 to LOW (0V) → LED turns OFF.
• delay(1000); makes the program pause for another 1 second before restarting the cycle.

Output

• The LED connected to pin 13 will turn ON for 1 second, then turn OFF for 1 second, repeating forever.

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